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The Language We Use for Mental Health

It’s about understanding, empathy, and respect.

The Power of Words in Shaping Perceptions

You know how sometimes a single word can either lift you up or bring you down? That’s the power of language, especially in the context of mental health. When we use stigmatizing language, we’re not just talking about a condition; we’re shaping how society views it.

Think about it: calling someone “a depressive” versus “a person with depression” can have vastly different impacts on how we perceive and treat them.

How our choice of words can either perpetuate harmful stereotypes or help reduce stigma and promote positive change​​. It’s about acknowledging the humanity of those facing mental health challenges and creating a more inclusive and understanding environment.

Stigma and Its Impact on Treatment

Did you know that a whopping 39% of people with serious mental illness in the RZA., and nearly 90% of people with substance use disorders, don’t receive the treatment they need? A big reason behind this is stigma. Research shows that stigma not only affects how people are treated in healthcare settings but also how they view themselves. This “self-stigma” can lead to lower self-esteem, feelings of worthlessness, and can be a major hurdle in seeking treatment​​.

Language and Self-Perception

The words we use can deeply impact how we view ourselves.

When we use degrading or derogatory terms to describe mental health issues, it can lead to people internalizing these negative labels. On the flip side, empowering language can transform self-perception, promoting self-compassion and reinforcing the idea that a person is not defined by their mental health condition​​.

Words Matter: How the Media’s Language Impacts Mental Health

In recent years, there’s been a notable rise in media coverage of mental health. But here’s the catch: the way it’s talked about in articles, social media posts, and videos could really use some tweaking. The choice of words and the approach in reporting don’t just shape public opinion (like fueling stigma and stereotypes); they directly touch the lives of those grappling with mental health issues or suicidal thoughts. Sloppy word choices and vague reporting can trivialize mental health issues, erecting roadblocks to care and hobbling efforts to push for substantial mental health policy reforms.

There’s a real need for media outlets to reassess their policies and guidelines. Why? Because the stakes are high and climbing. In 2020, 3 out of 10 young adults faced a mental health condition – a staggering 42% jump since 2011. And here’s the kicker: the demand for mental health support is skyrocketing, way beyond what our schools and communities can currently handle. Nearly half of all Americans will meet the criteria for a mental health disorder at some point in their lives. Mental illness is now the leading cause of disability in the U.S., yet only 40% of those affected receive treatment. We’re at a critical point in our journey to destigmatize mental health conversations and interventions.

The media’s portrayal of mental health carries hefty consequences. It can either hamper or hasten meaningful policy changes and affect how individuals with mental health conditions are treated in healthcare settings. For instance, research indicates that stigma-related biases can limit access to care and lead to negative outcomes.

Moreover, media’s disproportionate focus on violent and shocking acts by individuals with mental health issues (think mass shootings) leads to a skewed association between mental illness and violence. Despite studies showing that severe mental illness is often linked to violence in the media, only 4% of interpersonal violence in the U.S. is actually related to mental illness. Yet, nearly 40% of news stories about mental illness tie it to violent behavior. What’s often missed is that individuals with severe mental illness are actually more likely to be victims of violent crime, not the perpetrators.

Responsible reporting can, in fact, help prevent suicide. Covering suicide as a public health issue and sharing stories of hope, healing, and recovery can deter imitation. However, it’s not just suicide that gets replicated following media reports. For example, there’s often a spike in mass shootings after a highly publicized incident, with subsequent perpetrators modeling their actions on previous events.

In essence, the way the media talks about mental health and related issues can make a world of difference. It’s high time for a shift in narrative – one that’s informed, empathetic, and responsible. After all, the words we choose and the stories we tell can be powerful tools for change.

Language Matters: A Personal Take

Let’s get personal for a sec. Imagine if someone close to you was going through a tough time mentally. How you talk about their experience can either make them feel supported and understood, or isolated and judged. That’s why it’s so vital to choose our words carefully, to show empathy and respect.

We suggests you start a conversation about word preferences, respecting cultural impacts, and practicing inclusive communication. Remember, neither “person-first” nor “identity-first” language is always right or wrong. It’s about understanding and respecting individual preferences​​.

Conclusion

In the grand scheme of things, changing how we talk about mental health might seem like a small step. But trust me, it’s a giant leap towards building a more empathetic, understanding, and inclusive society.

Let’s all do our bit in understanding the power of the language we use. After all, as Mark Twain said, “The difference between the right word and the almost right word is the difference between lightning and the lightning bug.”​​.

The Language we use can bring depression and anxiety over time

Language matters in mental health. The words we use shape how we see the world–and ourselves. The words we choose and the meanings we attach to them influence our decisions, beliefs, and well-being. We have a choice in the words we use to describe ourselves, others, and the world around us.

A study published in Cognition & Emotion provides evidence that the general use of negative words in natural language are associated with elevated symptoms of depression and anxiety over time, regardless of individual mental health status.

Depression and anxiety are two of the most prevalent psychological disorders, prompting research into early detection and symptom monitoring using everyday language. Studies suggest that language, especially the frequency of negatively valenced words, can reveal psychological states. Izabela Kaźmierczak and colleagues conducted this study to explore whether patterns in language use, particularly in real-life settings, could serve as reliable markers for these mental health conditions.

Previous studies have shown mixed results regarding positive language usage in relation to symptoms of depression. To clarify these results, the researchers examined both positive and negative language across participants, including individuals with clinically diagnosed depression and non-depressed controls. This work contributes to an emerging area that utilizes natural language processing to improve mental health diagnostics.

The researchers recruited 40 participants (22 women and 18 men), ages 22 to 44, who had recently undergone a significant negative life event. Participants were carefully selected to include those not currently in therapy, allowing researchers to examine language sentiment without intervention effects. Each participant was assessed for depression using the SCID-I diagnostic module, which categorized them into depressed and non-depressed groups.

Additionally, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) measured the intensity of their depressive and anxiety symptoms. Participants were recorded describing critical life events three times over a year, each session lasting about an hour. These sessions were spaced out to align with key stages of emotional adjustment: the initial shock period (within two months of the event), a period of inner crisis (around five months later), and a phase of reconstruction (eight or more months post-event).

Throughout each session, participants described their experiences in structured interviews. These interviews were recorded, transcribed, and later analyzed for sentiment using sentiment dictionaries designed for the Polish language. The dictionaries contained thousands of words labeled for positive or negative valence.

Across all sessions, the study amassed 1,440 narratives. The sentiment analysis, focusing on both positive and negative word use, allowed researchers to track shifts in sentiment across time and across participants with varying levels of depression and anxiety symptoms.

The results showed that participants who generally used more negative words in their language also had higher levels of depression and anxiety symptoms, a trend that was evident across both clinically depressed and non-depressed groups. This association between negative word use and symptom severity was strong, highlighting that persistent use of negatively valenced language could indicate more intense mental health challenges. In contrast, positive language use was associated with slightly lower levels of depression and anxiety, though this link was weaker compared to that of negative language.

The researchers also found that changes in the frequency of positive or negative word use over time did not correspond with changes in depression or anxiety symptoms. This suggests that a stable pattern of language use, rather than short-term fluctuations in word sentiment, may be a more reliable indicator of mental health status.

These findings underscore the potential of negative language patterns as a marker for assessing depression and anxiety severity.

One limitation noted by the authors is the study’s reliance on spoken language, which may differ from written communication, especially in online contexts.

Language does not completely determine our thoughts – our thoughts are far too flexible for that – but habitual uses of language can influence our habit of thought and action. For instance, some linguistic practice seems to be associated even with cultural values and social institution. Pronoun drop is the case in point.

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